What is the difference between gravity and layout_gravity in Android?

Asked 14/8, 2010 at 9:28 Answered 28/3, 2023 at 10:24

Solved android android-layout android-gravity

1464

I know we can set the following values to the android:gravity and android:layout_gravity properties:

center
center_vertical
center_horizontal, etc.

But I am confused regarding both of these.

What is the difference between the usage of android:gravity and android:layout_gravity?

Outlawry answered 14/8, 2010 at 9:28 Comment(4)

Easy trick to remember: Take "layout-gravity" as "Lay-outside-gravity" – Grane 30/12, 2011 at 9:22

center == center_vertical | center_horizontal – Yourself 16/9, 2016 at 14:33

These videos helped me a lot to understand the difference: youtube.com/watch?v=DxfYeAUd238 youtube.com/watch?v=1FyAIWLVcTc – Dolmen 21/10, 2016 at 5:16

ImageView's seem to behave different than TextView's. – Augite 16/8, 2017 at 16:42

1462

Their names should help you:

android:gravity sets the gravity of the contents (i.e. its subviews) of the View it's used on.
android:layout_gravity sets the gravity of the View or Layout relative to its parent.

And an example is here.

Wenzel answered 14/8, 2010 at 9:31 Comment(7)

Basically, everything with layout_ defines something that effects the elements outside. – Mikaelamikal 28/6, 2013 at 10:26

See, I find this funny, because if I just go off the names, my intuition is the other way around. Every time, I think "layout_gravity" means "the gravity for how this ViewGroup lays out it's contents", and "gravity" is "where this View gravitates to". – Pestalozzi 9/8, 2013 at 5:29

So what happens if the android:gravity is set to left and its children's android:layout_gravity is set to right? which side will the children align to? – Galatia 28/3, 2014 at 20:52

As @Suragch commented on his answer, layout_gravity only works in LinearLayout and FrameLayout. LinearLayout has constraints to it though. – Orgasm 25/6, 2015 at 5:49

@Galatia Very good question. I guess one will prevail (I guess the children's layout_gravity) and the other one is only the default for the prevailing one. – Milky 28/12, 2015 at 9:30

Good answer but the example is wordy and confusing. The ideal answer would be this + the picture from @suragch's answer – Boynton 25/2, 2016 at 0:38

It hasn't been my experience....for a TextView that has no subviews, even if you set textAlignment as center but don't set gravity, the text will not be centred.... – Guthrun 22/6, 2022 at 10:4

610

Inside - Outside

gravity arranges the content inside the view.
layout_gravity arranges the view's position outside of itself.

Sometimes it helps to see a picture, too. The green and blue are TextViews and the other two background colors are LinearLayouts.

Notes

The layout_gravity does not work for views in a RelativeLayout. Use it for views in a LinearLayout or FrameLayout. See my supplemental answer for more details.
The view's width (or height) has to be greater than its content. Otherwise gravity won't have any effect. Thus, wrap_content and gravity are meaningless together.
The view's width (or height) has to be less than the parent. Otherwise layout_gravity won't have any effect. Thus, match_parent and layout_gravity are meaningless together.
The layout_gravity=center looks the same as layout_gravity=center_horizontal here because they are in a vertical linear layout. You can't center vertically in this case, so layout_gravity=center only centers horizontally.
This answer only dealt with setting gravity and layout_gravity on the views within a layout. To see what happens when you set the gravity of the of the parent layout itself, check out the supplemental answer that I referred to above. (Summary: gravity doesn't work well on a RelativeLayout but can be useful with a LinearLayout.)

So remember, layout_gravity arranges a view in its layout. Gravity arranges the content inside the view.

xml

Here is the xml for the above image for your reference:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:background="#e3e2ad"
        android:orientation="vertical" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:textSize="24sp"
            android:text="gravity=" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:background="#bcf5b1"
            android:gravity="left"
            android:text="left" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:background="#aacaff"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:text="center_horizontal" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:background="#bcf5b1"
            android:gravity="right"
            android:text="right" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:background="#aacaff"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="center" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:background="#d6c6cd"
        android:orientation="vertical" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:textSize="24sp"
            android:text="layout_gravity=" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:layout_gravity="left"
            android:background="#bcf5b1"
            android:text="left" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:background="#aacaff"
            android:text="center_horizontal" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:layout_gravity="right"
            android:background="#bcf5b1"
            android:text="right" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:background="#aacaff"
            android:text="center" />

    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

Siglos answered 4/10, 2014 at 5:43 Comment(1)

it seems more easy after seeing it visually, thanks Suragch. – Glide 3/10, 2019 at 7:20

481

The difference

android:layout_gravity is the Outside gravity of the View. Specifies the direction in which the View should touch its parent's border.

android:gravity is the Inside gravity of that View. Specifies in which direction its contents should align.

HTML/CSS Equivalents

(if you are coming from a web development background)

Android                 | CSS
————————————————————————+————————————
android:layout_gravity  | float
android:gravity         | text-align

Easy trick to help you remember

Take layout-gravity as "Lay-outside-gravity".

Grane answered 25/7, 2011 at 17:7 Comment(1)

it makes more sense when you have the web developement background. – Glide 3/10, 2019 at 7:18

Short Answer: use android:gravity or setGravity() to control gravity of all child views of a container; use android:layout_gravity or setLayoutParams() to control gravity of an individual view in a container.

Long story: to control gravity in a linear layout container such as LinearLayout or RadioGroup, there are two approaches:

To control the gravity of ALL child views of a LinearLayout container (as you did in your book), use android:gravity (not android:layout_gravity) in layout XML file or setGravity() method in code.

To control the gravity of a child view in its container, use android:layout_gravity XML attribute. In code, one needs to get the LinearLayout.LayoutParams of the view and set its gravity. Here is a code example that set a button to bottom in a horizontally oriented container:

import android.widget.LinearLayout.LayoutParams;
import android.view.Gravity;
...

Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.MyButtonId);
// need to cast to LinearLayout.LayoutParams to access the gravity field
LayoutParams params = (LayoutParams)button.getLayoutParams(); 
params.gravity = Gravity.BOTTOM;
button.setLayoutParams(params);

For horizontal LinearLayout container, the horizontal gravity of its child view is left-aligned one after another and cannot be changed. Setting android:layout_gravity to center_horizontal has no effect. The default vertical gravity is center (or center_vertical) and can be changed to top or bottom. Actually the default layout_gravity value is -1 but Android put it center vertically.

To change the horizontal positions of child views in a horizontal linear container, one can use layout_weight, margin and padding of the child view.

Similarly, for vertical View Group container, the vertical gravity of its child view is top-aligned one below another and cannot be changed. The default horizontal gravity is center (or center_horizontal) and can be changed to left or right.

Actually, a child view such as a button also has android:gravity XML attribute and the setGravity() method to control its child views -- the text in it. The Button.setGravity(int) is linked to this developer.android.com entry.

Change answered 30/7, 2011 at 20:1 Comment(0)

From what I can gather layout_gravity is the gravity of that view inside its parent, and gravity is the gravity of the children inside that view.

I think this is right but the best way to find out is to play around.

Fabian answered 14/8, 2010 at 9:37 Comment(0)

Look at the image to be clear about gravity

Leninism answered 4/2, 2015 at 7:17 Comment(0)

If we want to set the gravity of content inside a view then we will use "android:gravity", and if we want to set the gravity of this view (as a whole) with in its parent view then we will use "android:layout_gravity".

Cardwell answered 9/4, 2013 at 21:21 Comment(0)

Just thought I'd add my own explanation here - coming from a background on iOS, this is how I've internalized the two in iOS terms:

Layout Gravity affects your position in the superview. Gravity affects the position of your subviews within you.

Said another way, Layout Gravity positions you yourself while Gravity positions your children.

Alina answered 15/4, 2015 at 20:56 Comment(0)

An easy trick to remember this is gravity applies to us inside earth. So, android:gravity is for inside the view.

Rememeber the out in layout_gravity which would help you to remember that android:layout_gravity would refer to outside the view

Ofelia answered 29/11, 2016 at 8:41 Comment(0)

There is many difference in the gravity and layout-gravity. I am going to explain my experience about these 2 concepts(All information i got due to my observation and some websites).

Use Of Gravity and Layout-gravity in FrameLayout .....

Note:-

Gravity is used inside the View Content as some User have answer and it is same for all ViewGroup Layout.
Layout-gravity is used with the parent View as some User have answer.
Gravity and Layout-gravity is work more useful with the FrameLayout childs . We can't use Gravity and Layout-gravity in FrameLayout's Tag ....
We can set Child View any where in the FrameLayout using layout-gravity .
We can use every single value of gravity inside the FrameLayout (eg:- center_vertical, center_horizontal, center,top, etc), but it is not possible with other ViewGroup Layouts .
FrameLayout fully working on Layout-gravity. Example:- If you work on FrameLayout then you don't need to change whole Layout for adding new View. You just add View as last in the FrameLayout and give him Layout-gravity with value.(This is adavantages of layout-gravity with FrameLayout).

have look on example ......

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:textColor="#264bd1"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:text="Center Layout Gravity"/>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:textColor="#1b64b9"
        android:gravity="bottom"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom|center"
        android:text="Bottom Layout Gravity" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:textColor="#d75d1c"
        android:gravity="top"
        android:layout_gravity="top|center"
        android:text="Top Layout Gravity"/>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
        android:textColor="#d71f1c"
        android:gravity="top|right"
        android:layout_gravity="top|right"
        android:text="Top Right Layout Gravity"/>


    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:layout_marginBottom="100dp"
        android:textColor="#d71cb2"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom"
        android:gravity="bottom"
        android:text="Top Left Layout Gravity"/>

</FrameLayout>

Output:-

Use Of Gravity and Layout-gravity in LinearLayout .....

Gravity working same as above but here differnce is that we can use Gravity inside the LinearLayout View and RelativeLayout View which is not possible in FrameLayout View.

LinearLayout with orientation vertical ....

Note:- Here we can set only 3 values of layout_gravity that is (left | right | center (also called center_horizontal)).

have look on example :-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:textColor="#264bd1"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:text="Center Layout Gravity \nor \nCenter_Horizontal"/>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:textColor="#d75d1c"
        android:layout_gravity="right"
        android:text="Right Layout Gravity"/>


    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:layout_marginBottom="100dp"
        android:textColor="#d71cb2"
        android:layout_gravity="left"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:gravity="bottom"
        android:text="Left Layout Gravity"/>

</LinearLayout>

Output:-

LinearLayout with orientation horizontal ....

Note:- Here we can set also 3 values of layout_gravity that is (top | bottom | center (also called center_vertical)).

have look on example :-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="120dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:textColor="#264bd1"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom"
        android:text="Bottom \nLayout \nGravity"/>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="120dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:textColor="#d75d1c"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:text="Center \nLayout \nGravity"/>


    <TextView
        android:layout_width="150dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        android:background="#000"
        android:layout_marginBottom="100dp"
        android:textColor="#d71cb2"
        android:layout_gravity="left"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:text="Left \nLayout \nGravity"/>

</LinearLayout>

output:-

Note:- We can't use layout_gravity in the RelativeLayout Views but we can use gravity to set RelativeLayout childs to same position....

Surbase answered 17/10, 2016 at 6:48 Comment(2)

If you set textColor white in all view then it would be very great. :D – Rigidify 6/2, 2019 at 8:47

Are you sure? It will look black and white that's why i used different color for every View. – Surbase 6/2, 2019 at 9:54

Something I saw on Sandip's blog that I almost missed, fixed my problem. He said layout_gravity DOES NOT WORK WITH LinearLayout.

If you're using a LinearLayout and the gravity settings are driving you nuts (like me), then switch to something else.

I actually switched to a RelativeLayout then used layout_alignParentLeft and layout_alignParentRight on the 2 contained TextViews to get them on one line to go far left and far right.

Kamp answered 24/7, 2014 at 19:34 Comment(0)

The basic difference between the two is that-

android:gravity is used for child elements of the view.

android:layout_gravity is used for this element with respect to parent view.

Expatiate answered 26/7, 2016 at 14:43 Comment(0)

android:gravity is used to specify how to place the content of the object within the object itself. In another word, android:gravity is used to specify the gravity of the content of the view.

android:layout_gravity is an attribution the child can supply to its parent, to specify the gravity the view within its parents.

For more details you can visit

http://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/LinearLayout.LayoutParams.html

Cushion answered 10/5, 2015 at 12:17 Comment(1)

I think no need of new answer as there are multiple answers already posted and with almost the same contents covered! – Outlawry 10/5, 2015 at 13:56

Gravity: Allow you move the content inside a container. (How sub-views will be placed).

Important: (MOVE along X-axis or Y-axis within available space).

Example: Let's say if you were to work with LinearLayout (Height: match_parent, Width: match_parent) as root level element, then you will have full frame space available; and the child views says 2 TextViews (Height: wrap_content, Width: wrap_content) inside the LinearLayout can be moved around along x/y axis using corresponding values for gravity on parent.

Layout_Gravity: Allow you to override the parent gravity behavior ONLY along x-axis.

Important: (MOVE[override] along X-axis within available space).

Example: If you keep in mind the previous example, we know gravity enabled us to move along x/y axis, i.e; the place TextViews inside LinearLayout. Let's just say LinearLayout specifies gravity: center; meaning every TextView needs to be center both vertically and horizontally. Now if we want one of the TextView to go left/right, we can override the specified gravity behavior using layout_gravity on the TextView.

Bonus: if you dig deeper, you will find out that text within the TextView act as sub-view; so if you apply the gravity on TextView, the text inside the TextView will move around. (the entire concept apply here too)

Waterlog answered 30/4, 2018 at 10:36 Comment(0)

Gravity is used to set text alignment in views but layout_gravity is use to set views it self. Lets take an example if you want to align text written in editText then use gravity and you want align this editText or any button or any view then use layout_gravity, So its very simple.

Mihe answered 17/5, 2017 at 18:15 Comment(0)

gravity: is used for simple views like textview, edittext etc.

layout_gravity: is used for current view only gravity in context of it's relative parent view like linear Layout or FrameLayout to make view in center or any other gravity of its parent.

Pease answered 1/6, 2017 at 11:32 Comment(1)

layout_gravity: is used for current view only gravity in context of it's relative parent, not other views which is inside of it's parent. – Decency 7/2, 2018 at 10:12

The android:gravity sets the gravity (position) of the children whereas the android:layout_gravity sets the position of the view itself. Hope it helps

Briarroot answered 23/4, 2020 at 5:27 Comment(0)

android:gravity handles the alignment of its children, it sets the gravity of the content of the View it’s used on. In other words it just focuses on the centering of all child views in the parent view. So it works better on a parent view.

android:layout_gravity handles the alignment of itself, it sets the gravity of the View or Layout relative to its parent. In other words it focuses on centering a specific child view in the parent view. So it works better on the child view you want centralized.

Karate answered 28/3, 2023 at 10:24 Comment(0)

android:gravity

is used to adjust for content of the view relative to its specify position (allocated area). android:gravity="left" would not do anything if layout_width is equal to the "wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity

is used for view itself relative to the parent or layout file.

Optimist answered 2/1, 2017 at 12:13 Comment(0)

android:gravity -> Sets the gravity of the content of the View its used on.

android:layout_gravity -> Sets the gravity of it's Parent's view or Layout

Mcnew answered 12/7, 2017 at 17:10 Comment(0)

gravity--Applies to its own view.

layout-gravity---Applies to view related to its parent.

Geometrid answered 13/11, 2018 at 10:7 Comment(0)

Gravity and layout_gravity both are the XML attributes.

The android:gravity attribute is used to arrange the position of the content inside a view (for example text inside a Button widget).

The android:layout_gravity is used to arrange the position of the entire View relative to it’s container.

For further details you can see this link.

Wingfield answered 29/10, 2021 at 6:13 Comment(0)

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Notes

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The difference

HTML/CSS Equivalents

Easy trick to help you remember

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