In python, is a function return a shallow or deep copy?

Question

In python, if I have

x = y

any modification to x will also modify y, and I can do

x = deepcopy(y)

if I want to avoid modifying y while working on x

Say, instead, that I have:

myFunc():
    return y

def main():
    x = myFunc()

Is it still the case that modifying x will modify y, or since it is a return from another function it will be like a deepcopy?

Tyrannize

Can you be more specific. In your case it's not clear where does 'y' come from. The code you posted will not run because 'y' is not known – Octoroon

Functions don't return any sort of copies. In other words, it is neither. – Cinquain

Answer 1

It will be a shallow copy, as nothing has been explicitly copied.

def foo(list):
    list[1] = 5
    return list

For example:

>>> listOne = [1, 2]
>>> listTwo = [3, 4]
>>> listTwo = listOne
>>> foo(listTwo)
[1, 5]
>>> listOne
[1, 5]

Seafowl

Answer 2

In python everything is a reference. Nothing gets copied unless you explicitly copy it.

In your example, x and y reference the same object.

Wabble

I think this is a really important principle to learn in Python: assignment never makes a copy. You can extend that to function returns as well. – Favin

I knew that about assignment in a function, I was not sure about return because I think it is different in Java – Tyrannize

Why does extending a list of ravel()ed ndarrays does not create a shallow copy of the original ndarrays? – Fernando