To elaborate a bit on Chopchop's answer:
First you need to include all files that assetic needs to dump, as it needs to know what you need dumped. What you can make in a conditional manner is the inclusion of the asset itself at runtime.
So first put in the assetic part:
{% javascripts
'@ExampleComBundle/Resources/public/js/module1.js'
'@ExampleComBundle/Resources/public/js/module2.js'
%}
{% endjavascripts %}
Now you can put in the condition that you wanted. Both those script will be dumped at deployment time but you will be able to choose at runtime which one to include:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ asset('bundles/examplecombundle/js/module' ~ WHICH_MODULE_TO_INCLUDE ~ '.js ) }}" />
The ~ character is just the concatenation operator in Twig templates.
Works of course the same with CSS and JS.