This is apparently available today
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/deployment/quickstart-deploy-using-clickonce-folder?view=vs-2022
Starting in Visual Studio 2019 version 16.8, you can use the Publish tool to publish .NET Core 3.1, .NET 5, or newer, Windows Desktop applications using ClickOnce from Visual Studio.
To get started follow these steps:
- In Solution Explorer, right-click the project and choose Publish (or use the Build > Publish menu item).
- In the Publish wizard, select Folder.
- In the Specific target page, select ClickOnce.
And the relevant parts to updates:
If you selected to install from a UNC path or web site, this page allows you to specify whether the application is available offline. When selected, this option will list the application on the users Start Menu and it allows the application to be automatically updated when a new version is published. By default, updates are available from the Install location. If you wish to have a different location for updates, you can specify that using the Update Settings link. If you do not want the application to be available offline, it will run from the install location