Quote from Process Sandboxing to explain what a sandbox does:
One key security feature in Chromium is that processes can be executed within a sandbox. The sandbox limits the harm that malicious code can cause by limiting access to most system resources — sandboxed processes can only freely use CPU cycles and memory. To perform operations requiring additional privilege, sandboxed processes use dedicated communication channels to delegate tasks to more privileged processes.
In Chromium, sandboxing is applied to most processes other than the main process. This includes renderer processes, as well as utility processes such as the audio service, the GPU service, and the network service.
And quote from Disabling Chromium's sandbox (testing only):
You can also disable Chromium's sandbox entirely with the --no-sandbox
CLI flag, which will disable the sandbox for all processes (including utility processes). We highly recommend that you only use this flag for testing purposes, and never in production.
To disable it, run <your-app-name> --no-sandbox
.