I have a SQL Server table that has a "Time" column. The table is a log table the houses status messages and timestamps for each message. The log table is inserted into via a batch file. There is an ID column that groups rows together. Each time the batch file runs it initializes the ID and writes records. What I need to do is get the elapsed time from the first record in an ID set to the last record of the same ID set. I started toying with select Max(Time) - Min(Time) from logTable where id = but couldn't figure out how to format it correctly. I need it in HH:MM:SS.
SQL Server - calculate elapsed time between two datetime stamps in HH:MM:SS format
Asked Answered
Please let us know the datatype of the "Time" column. DateTime, DateTime2, Time, Timestamp, etc. –
Auburn
SQL Server doesn't support the SQL standard interval data type. Your best bet is to calculate the difference in seconds, and use a function to format the result. The native function CONVERT() might appear to work fine as long as your interval is less than 24 hours. But CONVERT() isn't a good solution for this.
create table test (
id integer not null,
ts datetime not null
);
insert into test values (1, '2012-01-01 08:00');
insert into test values (1, '2012-01-01 09:00');
insert into test values (1, '2012-01-01 08:30');
insert into test values (2, '2012-01-01 08:30');
insert into test values (2, '2012-01-01 10:30');
insert into test values (2, '2012-01-01 09:00');
insert into test values (3, '2012-01-01 09:00');
insert into test values (3, '2012-01-02 12:00');
Values were chosen in such a way that for
- id = 1, elapsed time is 1 hour
- id = 2, elapsed time is 2 hours, and
- id = 3, elapsed time is 3 hours.
This SELECT statement includes one column that calculates seconds, and one that uses CONVERT() with subtraction.
select t.id,
min(ts) start_time,
max(ts) end_time,
datediff(second, min(ts),max(ts)) elapsed_sec,
convert(varchar, max(ts) - min(ts), 108) do_not_use
from test t
group by t.id;
ID START_TIME END_TIME ELAPSED_SEC DO_NOT_USE
1 January, 01 2012 08:00:00 January, 01 2012 09:00:00 3600 01:00:00
2 January, 01 2012 08:30:00 January, 01 2012 10:30:00 7200 02:00:00
3 January, 01 2012 09:00:00 January, 02 2012 12:00:00 97200 03:00:00
Note the misleading "03:00:00" for the 27-hour difference on id number 3.
@Catcall....question: your query worked for these two dates which spanned over two days (2012-12-13 15:10:12.050 and 2012-12-12 20:16:47.160). Your results were 68005 seconds and 18:53:24. This appears right. Not sure why do_not_use 18:53:24 is there? –
Agaric
CONVERT() returns the wrong answer for intervals over 24 hours. The difference between your two timestamps is less than 24 hours. The column "do_not_use" is meant to discourage you from using CONVERT() to format intervals. –
Mendicity
@Catcall...yep, I understood the meaning of the "do_not_use" column. I was curious about CONVERT()....and your explanation is perfect. Thanks! –
Agaric
what does 108 in the convert query stand for? –
Anthem
@tiqa: 108 is a style argument to CONVERT(). ("hh:mi:ss") –
Mendicity
UPDATED:
Correctly calculate a timespan in SQL Server, even if more than 24 hours:
-- Setup test data
declare @minDate datetime = '2012-12-12 20:16:47.160'
declare @maxDate datetime = '2012-12-13 15:10:12.050'
-- Get timespan in hh:mi:ss
select cast(
(cast(cast(@maxDate as float) - cast(@minDate as float) as int) * 24) /* hours over 24 */
+ datepart(hh, @maxDate - @minDate) /* hours */
as varchar(10))
+ ':' + right('0' + cast(datepart(mi, @maxDate - @minDate) as varchar(2)), 2) /* minutes */
+ ':' + right('0' + cast(datepart(ss, @maxDate - @minDate) as varchar(2)), 2) /* seconds */
-- Returns 18:53:24
Edge cases that show inaccuracy are especially welcome!
@Tim....this almost works. For these two dates (2012-12-13 15:10:12.050 and 2012-12-12 20:16:47.160) your query returned a result of 19:54:25 when the actual value is 18:53:24. Ideas? –
Agaric
@Agaric you might find the current version to work well if you don't want to use a function or be limited in how many hours can be represented. –
Auburn
DECLARE @EndTime AS DATETIME, @StartTime AS DATETIME
SELECT @StartTime = '2013-03-08 08:00:00', @EndTime = '2013-03-08 08:30:00'
SELECT CAST(@EndTime - @StartTime AS TIME)
Result: 00:30:00.0000000
Format result as you see fit.
This only works in SQL Server 2008+, but it's a great solution presuming you can guarantee the version. –
Adelinaadelind
Will fail if time is greater than 24 hours –
Lundeen
The best and simple way:
Convert(varchar, {EndTime} - {StartTime}, 108)
Just like Anri noted.
Yes and no. This will not work for time spans over 24 hours. –
Obliquity
Use the DATEDIFF to return value in milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, ...
DATEDIFF(interval, date1, date2)
interval REQUIRED - The time/date part to return. Can be one of the following values:
year, yyyy, yy = Year
quarter, qq, q = Quarter
month, mm, m = month
dayofyear = Day of the year
day, dy, y = Day
week, ww, wk = Week
weekday, dw, w = Weekday
hour, hh = hour
minute, mi, n = Minute
second, ss, s = Second
millisecond, ms = Millisecond
date1, date2 REQUIRED - The two dates to calculate the difference between
select convert(varchar, Max(Time) - Min(Time) , 108) from logTable where id=...
See if this helps. I can set variables for Elapsed Days, Hours, Minutes, Seconds. You can format this to your liking or include in a user defined function.
Note: Don't use DateDiff(hh,@Date1,@Date2). It is not reliable! It rounds in unpredictable ways
Given two dates... (Sample Dates: two days, three hours, 10 minutes, 30 seconds difference)
declare @Date1 datetime = '2013-03-08 08:00:00'
declare @Date2 datetime = '2013-03-10 11:10:30'
declare @Days decimal
declare @Hours decimal
declare @Minutes decimal
declare @Seconds decimal
select @Days = DATEDIFF(ss,@Date1,@Date2)/60/60/24 --Days
declare @RemainderDate as datetime = @Date2 - @Days
select @Hours = datediff(ss, @Date1, @RemainderDate)/60/60 --Hours
set @RemainderDate = @RemainderDate - (@Hours/24.0)
select @Minutes = datediff(ss, @Date1, @RemainderDate)/60 --Minutes
set @RemainderDate = @RemainderDate - (@Minutes/24.0/60)
select @Seconds = DATEDIFF(SS, @Date1, @RemainderDate)
select @Days as ElapsedDays, @Hours as ElapsedHours, @Minutes as ElapsedMinutes, @Seconds as ElapsedSeconds
Hope this helps you in getting the exact time between two time stamps
Create PROC TimeDurationbetween2times(@iTime as time,@oTime as time)
As
Begin
DECLARE @Dh int, @Dm int, @Ds int ,@Im int, @Om int, @Is int,@Os int
SET @Im=DATEPART(MI,@iTime)
SET @Om=DATEPART(MI,@oTime)
SET @Is=DATEPART(SS,@iTime)
SET @Os=DATEPART(SS,@oTime)
SET @Dh=DATEDIFF(hh,@iTime,@oTime)
SET @Dm = DATEDIFF(mi,@iTime,@oTime)
SET @Ds = DATEDIFF(ss,@iTime,@oTime)
DECLARE @HH as int, @MI as int, @SS as int
if(@Im>@Om)
begin
SET @Dh=@Dh-1
end
if(@Is>@Os)
begin
SET @Dm=@Dm-1
end
SET @HH = @Dh
SET @MI = @Dm-(60*@HH)
SET @SS = @Ds-(60*@Dm)
DECLARE @hrsWkd as varchar(8)
SET @hrsWkd = cast(@HH as char(2))+':'+cast(@MI as char(2))+':'+cast(@SS as char(2))
select @hrsWkd as TimeDuration
End
Declare @StartDate DateTime,@EndDate Datetime,
@seconds int,@secondsb int,
@minutes int, @minutesB int,
@Hours int,@hoursB int,
@Days int, @Daysb int,
@Years int;
set @StartDate='2021-01-10 10:12:13.987'
set @EndDate=getdate() --You can enter end date in above similar manners or use getdate() to compare current date and time
set @Seconds = DATEDIFF(SECOND, @StartDate, @EndDate)
set @secondsb=@Seconds%60
set @Minutes=(@Seconds-@SecondsB)/60
set @MinutesB=@Minutes%60
set @Hours=(@Minutes-@MinutesB)/60
set @HoursB=@Hours%24
set @days=(@Hours-@HoursB)/24
set @DaysB=@Days%365
set @Years=(@Days-@DaysB)/365
Select @Years Years, @Daysb Days, @hoursB Hours,@minutesB Minutes, @secondsb Seconds
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Whomsoever
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