Error with GLUT compile in ubuntu [duplicate]

Question

I try to compile some "hello world" glut application:

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <GL/gl.h>

#include <GL/glu.h>

#include <GL/glut.h>

GLint Width = 512, Height = 512;

const int CubeSize = 200;

void Display(void)
{
    int left, right, top, bottom;

    left  = (Width - CubeSize) / 2;
    right = left + CubeSize;
    bottom = (Height - CubeSize) / 2;
    top = bottom + CubeSize;

    glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

    glColor3ub(255,0,0);
    glBegin(GL_QUADS);
      glVertex2f(left,bottom);
      glVertex2f(left,top);
      glVertex2f(right,top);
      glVertex2f(right,bottom);
    glEnd();

    glFinish();
}

void Reshape(GLint w, GLint h)
{
    Width = w;
    Height = h;
    glViewport(0, 0, w, h);

    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glLoadIdentity();
    glOrtho(0, w, 0, h, -1.0, 1.0);

    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    glLoadIdentity();
}

void Keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y)
{
#define ESCAPE '\033'

    if( key == ESCAPE )
        exit(0);
}

main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB);
    glutInitWindowSize(Width, Height);
    glutCreateWindow("Red square example");

    glutDisplayFunc(Display);
    glutReshapeFunc(Reshape);
    glutKeyboardFunc(Keyboard);

    glutMainLoop();
}

The compile command is:

gcc -lGL -lGLU hw_opengl.cpp -o hw_opengl

I've got the following errors:

/tmp/ccbnBFHC.o: In function `Display()':
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x6c): undefined reference to `glClearColor'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x78): undefined reference to `glClear'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x94): undefined reference to `glColor3ub'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0xa0): undefined reference to `glBegin'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0xb4): undefined reference to `glVertex2f'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0xc8): undefined reference to `glVertex2f'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0xdc): undefined reference to `glVertex2f'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0xf0): undefined reference to `glVertex2f'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0xf5): undefined reference to `glEnd'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0xfa): undefined reference to `glFinish'
/tmp/ccbnBFHC.o: In function `Reshape(int, int)':
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x134): undefined reference to `glViewport'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x140): undefined reference to `glMatrixMode'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x145): undefined reference to `glLoadIdentity'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x173): undefined reference to `glOrtho'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x17f): undefined reference to `glMatrixMode'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x184): undefined reference to `glLoadIdentity'
/tmp/ccbnBFHC.o: In function `main':
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x1c1): undefined reference to `glutInit'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x1cd): undefined reference to `glutInitDisplayMode'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x1e4): undefined reference to `glutInitWindowSize'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x1f0): undefined reference to `glutCreateWindow'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x1fc): undefined reference to `glutDisplayFunc'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x208): undefined reference to `glutReshapeFunc'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x214): undefined reference to `glutKeyboardFunc'
hw_opengl.cpp:(.text+0x219): undefined reference to `glutMainLoop'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

I've install GLUT: sudo apt-get install freeglut3 freeglut3-dev

There are in /usr/lib: libglut.a
libglut.so
libglut.so.3
libglut.so.3.9.0

locate glu.h
/home/goran/QtSDK/QtSources/4.8.0/src/3rdparty/webkit/Source/ThirdParty/glu/internal_glu.h
/usr/include/GL/glu.h

/usr/include/GL/gl.h

locate gl.h
...
/usr/include/GL/gl.h

What do I do incorrectly?

Goner

Answer 1

The GCC linker may scan libraries in the order they are on the command line, which means for you it may scan the libraries first and sees no one using them, and therefore you get the errors. To be sure, place the libraries last on the command line:

gcc hw_opengl.cpp -o hw_opengl -lGL -lGLU -lglut

Freewheeling

Out of interest why would it be that my machine can successfully compile the target without reordering the options? Is this functionality version specific? – Spalding

please see this question #8353978 – Goner

Answer 2

g++ filename.cpp -lGL -lglut -o exfilename

and then

./exfilename

Astragal

Answer 3

It is because that xlibmesa-gl-dev and xlibmesa-glu-dev do not make soft link to file libGL.so and libGLU.so, so ld cannot find them to link with your code.

Peshitta

Because ld will look for libGL.so and libGLU.so for the options -lGL and -lGLU, but xlibmesaxxx do not make these two soft links to their own libs. – Peshitta

Answer 4

You're missing -lglut.

The correct compilation command is gcc -lGL -lglut -lGLU hw_opengl.cpp -o hw_opengl

Spalding

I try this compile command: gcc -lGL -lglut -lGLU hw_opengl.cpp -o hw_opengl. There are the same errors. – Goner

Hmm that's very odd. I ran the command as you've posted it, and it compiles fine. I ran your program, and I see a red square, as the code indicates. This would indicate that your compiler isn't aware of the library - try running ldconfig (as root), or possibly rebooting. What OS are you running? – Spalding

I use kubuntu 11.10 $ gcc -lgl -lglut -lglu hw_opengl.cpp -o hw_opengl /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgl /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lglu – Goner

Have you also installed libgl-dev (it may also be called libgl)? – Spalding

i've installed xlibmesa-gl-dev and xlibmesa-glu-dev – Goner

I'd suggest installing libgl. I'm unfamiliar with xlibmesa. – Spalding

sudo apt-get install libgl-dev Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Package libgl-dev is a virtual package provided by: libgl1-mesa-swx11-dev 7.11-0ubuntu3 libgl1-mesa-dev 7.11-0ubuntu3 You should explicitly select one to install. E: Package 'libgl-dev' has no installation candidate – Goner

Go with libgl1-mesa-dev. – Spalding

sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done libgl1-mesa-dev is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 252 not upgraded. – Goner

Hmm. The Ubuntu package manager confuses me at times. Possibly try replacing it with the other package, libgl1-mesa-swx11-dev. – Spalding

pls see this question #8353978 – Goner

Answer 5

Check whether you installed binutils-gold (Gold linker) or not if not, install it and if you've already that then remove it and try at terminal,

g++ sourcefile.cpp -lglut

Flog

Answer 6

g++ -lglut -lGLU -lGL helloWorld.cpp -o helloWorld

g++, not gcc, for cpp

Amaya

Use -std=c++11 if u want to use gcc or add the flag -lstdc++ – Kosak