Any suggestions for how I can plot mixEM type data using ggplot2

Question

I have a sample of 1m records obtained from my original data. (For your reference, you may use this dummy data that may generate approximately similar distribution

b <- data.frame(matrix(rnorm(2000000, mean=c(8,17), sd=2)))
c <- b[sample(nrow(b), 1000000), ]

) I believed the histogram to be a mixture of two log-normal distributions and I tried to fit the summed distributions using EM algorithm using the following code:

install.packages("mixtools")
lib(mixtools)
#line below returns EM output of type mixEM[] for mixture of normal distributions
c1 <- normalmixEM(c, lambda=NULL, mu=NULL, sigma=NULL) 
plot(c1, density=TRUE)

The first plot is a log-likelihood plot and the second (if you hit return again), gives similar to the following density curves:

As I mentioned c1 is of type mixEM[] and plot() function can accommodate that. I want to fill the density curves with colors. This is easy to do using ggplot2() but ggplot2() does not support data of type mixEM[] and throws this message:

ggplot doesn't know how to deal with data of class mixEM

Is there any other approach I can take for this problem?

Christenachristendom

Your code doesn't run: you make a vector b then try and treat it like a matrix (nrow(b), for example)... – Regolith

@Spacedman, thanks for pointing out. In my original code, b is a data frame. Here I just tried to quickly produce it and in this attempt missed that part..I changed it – Christenachristendom

Answer 1

Look at the structure of the returned object (this should be documented in the help):

> # simple mixture of normals:
> x=c(rnorm(10000,8,2),rnorm(10000,17,4))
> xMix = normalmixEM(x, lambda=NULL, mu=NULL, sigma=NULL)

Now what:

> str(xMix)
List of 9
 $ x         : num [1:20000] 6.18 9.92 9.07 8.84 9.93 ...
 $ lambda    : num [1:2] 0.502 0.498
 $ mu        : num [1:2] 7.99 17.05
 $ sigma     : num [1:2] 2.03 4.02
 $ loglik    : num -59877

The lambda, mu, and sigma components define the returned normal densities. You can plot these in ggplot using qplot and stat_function. But first make a function that returns scaled normal densities:

sdnorm =
function(x, mean=0, sd=1, lambda=1){lambda*dnorm(x, mean=mean, sd=sd)}

Then:

qplot(x,geom="density") + stat_function(fun=sdnorm,args=list(mean=xMix$mu[1],sd=xMix$sigma[1], lambda=xMix$lambda[1]),fill="blue",geom="polygon")  + stat_function(fun=sdnorm,args=list(mean=xMix$mu[2],sd=xMix$sigma[2], lambda=xMix$lambda[2]),fill="#FF0000",geom="polygon") 

Or whatever ggplot skills you have. Transparent colours on the densities might be nice.

ggplot(data.frame(x=x)) + 
 geom_histogram(aes(x=x,y=..density..),fill="white",color="black") +
 stat_function(fun=sdnorm,
    args=list(mean=xMix$mu[2],
             sd=xMix$sigma[2],
             lambda=xMix$lambda[2]),
             fill="#FF000080",geom="polygon") +
 stat_function(fun=sdnorm,
    args=list(mean=xMix$mu[1],
             sd=xMix$sigma[1],
             lambda=xMix$lambda[1]),
             fill="#00FF0080",geom="polygon")

producing:

Regolith

Answer 2

Here's a slightly different approach which uses geom_ploygon(...) instead of multiple calls to stat_function(...). One problem with stat_function(...) is that the secondary arguments (mu, sigma, and lambda in this example), which are passed using the args=list(...) parameter, cannot be included in an aesthetic mapping, so you have to have multiple calls to stat_function(...) as is @Spacedman`s solution.

This approach builds the PDFs outside of ggplot and uses a single call to geom_polygon(...). As a result, it works without modification for an arbitrary number of distributions in the mixture.

# ggplot mixture plot
gg.mixEM <- function(EM) {
  require(ggplot2)
  x       <- with(EM,seq(min(x),max(x),len=1000))
  pars    <- with(EM,data.frame(comp=colnames(posterior), mu, sigma,lambda))
  em.df   <- data.frame(x=rep(x,each=nrow(pars)),pars)
  em.df$y <- with(em.df,lambda*dnorm(x,mean=mu,sd=sigma))
  ggplot(data.frame(x=EM$x),aes(x,y=..density..)) + 
    geom_histogram(fill=NA,color="black")+
    geom_polygon(data=em.df,aes(x,y,fill=comp),color="grey50", alpha=0.5)+
    scale_fill_discrete("Component\nMeans",labels=format(em.df$mu,digits=3))+
    theme_bw()
}

library(mixtools)
# two components
set.seed(1)    # for reproducible example
b <- rnorm(2000000, mean=c(8,17), sd=2)
c <- b[sample(length(b), 1000000) ]
c2 <- normalmixEM(c, lambda=NULL, mu=NULL, sigma=NULL) 
gg.mixEM(c2)

# three components
set.seed(1)
b <- rnorm(2000000, mean=c(8,17,30), sd=c(2,3,5))
c <- b[sample(length(b), 1000000) ]
library(mixtools)
c3 <- normalmixEM(c, k=3, lambda=NULL, mu=NULL, sigma=NULL) 
gg.mixEM(c3)

Ruttish