Check that your page isn't in Quirks mode or Compatibility mode. You can use the F12 dev tools to confirm this. Press F12 and look in the top-right corner of the resulting window. If you see "Compatibility" or "Quirks" in the mode description, then you've found the problem.
Quirks mode: this is usually triggered by a missing or broken Doctype. If this is the case, make sure your page starts with the following:
<!DOCTYPE html>
Compatibility mode (IE7 mode): This may be triggered if you're viewing the page locally (ie running it on your local machine, eg for testing, or on your local network). In this case, you are being hit by an IE config setting that you should disable. Go to the Tools menu, and pick the Comaptibility View Settings option. Untick the compatibility options, and the page should start working.
Compat mode may also be triggered (or avoided) by an X-UA-Compatibility
meta tag. If you're having trouble with compatibility mode, this is a good way to avoid it: Add the following line to your code:
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
Either (or both) of the above could be the problem, but my guess is that the problem is compatibility mode. The compat-mode-on-intranet-sites setting is suprisingly little known, and catches a lot of people out, even some seasoned developers.