Writing response body with BaseHTTPRequestHandler

Asked 4/10, 2011 at 10:43 Answered 23/8, 2017 at 6:26

I'm playing a little with Python 3.2.2 and want to write a simple web server to access some data remotely. This data will be generated by Python so I don't want to use the SimpleHTTPRequestHandler as it's a file server, but a handler of my own.

I copied some example from the internet but I'm stuck because the response outputstream refuses to write the body content.

This is my code:

import http.server
import socketserver

PORT = 8000

class MyHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_HEAD(self):
        self.send_response(200)
        self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html")
        self.end_headers()
    def do_GET(self):
        self.send_response(200)
        self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html")
        self.end_headers()
        print(self.wfile)
        self.wfile.write("<html><head><title>Title goes here.</title></head>")
        self.wfile.write("<body><p>This is a test.</p>")
        # If someone went to "http://something.somewhere.net/foo/bar/",
        # then s.path equals "/foo/bar/".
        self.wfile.write("<p>You accessed path: %s</p>" % self.path)
        self.wfile.write("</body></html>")
        self.wfile.close()

try:
    server = http.server.HTTPServer(('localhost', PORT), MyHandler)
    print('Started http server')
    server.serve_forever()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
    print('^C received, shutting down server')
    server.socket.close()

What should be a correct code for writing the response body?

Thanks a lot.

Edit:

The error is:

...
  File "server.py", line 16, in do_GET
    self.wfile.write("<html><head><title>Title goes here.</title></head>")
  File "C:\Python32\lib\socket.py", line 297, in write
    return self._sock.send(b)
TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface

Nitroparaffin answered 4/10, 2011 at 10:43 Comment(3)

I admit I don't have the basics in Python :) so I'm a little lost trying to figure out how to work with the types and tools for transforming them... – Nitroparaffin 4/10, 2011 at 10:49

where is this line in your code? self.wfile.write(prueba) – Pyosis 4/10, 2011 at 11:28

Oops, I'm sorry. That's the trace from another test (prueba = test). I'll fix it. – Nitroparaffin 4/10, 2011 at 11:42

In Python3 string is a different type than that in Python 2.x. Cast it into bytes using either

self.wfile.write(bytes("<html><head><title>Title goes here.</title></head>/html>","utf-8"))

self.wfile.write("<html><head><title>Title goes here.</title></head></html>".encode("utf-8"))

Pyosis answered 4/10, 2011 at 12:12 Comment(2)

Great. Now I think if there is a way to wrap an outputstream within a "printwriter" (yes, I'm a Java programmer), hehehe. Let's look for something (or simply define a simple conversion function) – Nitroparaffin 4/10, 2011 at 13:13

I tried with the .encode() string transformation for Python 3 but there is still an error. You have to remove the last line: self.wfile.close() because the do_GET will close and flush the stream by itself. – Thisbe 20/9, 2013 at 14:4

For Python 3, prefix the string literals with a b:

self.wfile.write(b"<foo>bar</foo>")

Libratory answered 9/6, 2016 at 12:7 Comment(1)

This is the cleanest solution here, nice! Can you confirm that this defaults to enoding utf-8? – Fete 28/10, 2017 at 16:35

based on your code #comments you're probably looking for self.headers.getheaders('referer'), ie:

if 'http://www.icamefromthissite.com/' in self.headers.getheaders('referer'):
    do something

Valued answered 18/11, 2011 at 21:23 Comment(1)

Well, not really. I only wanted to control programmatically the output of the response. The approved answer is what I needed. To encode the strings into bytes in order to send the bytes to the response. Thanks anyway! – Nitroparaffin 21/11, 2011 at 14:51

Just use this when using Python 3.X

self.wfile.write(bytes("<body><p>This is a test.</p>", "utf-8"))

Steenbok answered 23/8, 2017 at 6:26 Comment(0)

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