java.util.List is an interface, and JAXB can't handle interfaces

Question

I seemed to get the following exception when trying to deploy my application:

Caused by: com.sun.xml.bind.v2.runtime.IllegalAnnotationsException: 2 counts of     IllegalAnnotationExceptions
java.util.List is an interface, and JAXB can't handle interfaces.
this problem is related to the following location:
    at java.util.List
    at private java.util.List     foobar.alkohol.register.webservice.jaxws.GetRelationsFromPersonResponse._return
    at     foobar.alkohol.register.webservice.jaxws.GetRelationsFromPersonResponse
java.util.List does not have a no-arg default constructor.
    this problem is related to the following location:
        at java.util.List
        at private java.util.List foobar.alkohol.register.webservice.jaxws.GetRelationsFromPersonResponse._return
    at     foobar.alkohol.register.webservice.jaxws.GetRelationsFromPersonResponse

My code worked just well until I changed the return type from List to List<List<RelationCanonical>>

Here is the partial webservice:

@Name("relationService")
@Stateless
@WebService(name = "RelationService", serviceName = "RelationService")
@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.DOCUMENT, use = SOAPBinding.Use.LITERAL, parameterStyle = SOAPBinding.ParameterStyle.WRAPPED)
public class RelationService implements RelationServiceLocal {

    private boolean login(String username, String password) {
        Identity.instance().setUsername(username);
        Identity.instance().setPassword(password);
        Identity.instance().login();
        return Identity.instance().isLoggedIn();
    }

    private boolean logout() {
        Identity.instance().logout();
        return !Identity.instance().isLoggedIn();
    }

    @WebMethod
    public List<List<RelationCanonical>> getRelationsFromPerson(@WebParam(name = "username")
    String username, @WebParam(name = "password")
    String password, @WebParam(name = "foedselsnummer")
    String... foedselsnummer) {

......
......
......
}

I have also tried by removing the @SOAPBinding and trying default, but the same result occurs. Appreciate any help

UPDATE

I want to note out something. I changed all List to ArrayList, and then it compiled. The reason why I say compiled and not worked is because it behaves strange. I get an Object of type: RelationServiceStub.ArrayList but the object has no get methods or does not behave as a List either. I also tried to cast it to a List but that didnt work.

Note that this is after I have used Axis 2 and wsdl2java So yes, now it compiles, but I dont know how to get the data out.

Islean

Answer 1

In my understanding, you will not be able to process a plain List via JAXB, as JAXB has no idea how to transform that into XML.

Instead, you will need to define a JAXB type which holds a List<RelationCanonical> (I'll call it Type1), and another one to hold a list of those types, in turn (as you're dealing with a List<List<...>>; I'll call this type Type2).

The result could then be an XML ouput like this:

<Type2 ...>
    <Type1 ...>
        <RelationCanonical ...> ... </RelationCanonical>
        <RelationCanonical ...> ... </RelationCanonical>
        ...
    </Type1>
    <Type1>
        <RelationCanonical ...> ... </RelationCanonical>
        <RelationCanonical ...> ... </RelationCanonical>
        ...
    </Type1>
    ...
</Type2>

Without the two enclosing JAXB-annotated types, the JAXB processor has no idea what markup to generate, and thus fails.

--Edit:

What I mean should look somewhat like this:

@XmlType
public class Type1{

    private List<RelationCanonical> relations;

    @XmlElement
    public List<RelationCanonical> getRelations(){
        return this.relations;
    }

    public void setRelations(List<RelationCanonical> relations){
        this.relations = relations;
    }
}

and

@XmlRootElement
public class Type2{

    private List<Type1> type1s;

    @XmlElement
    public List<Type1> getType1s(){
        return this.type1s;
    }

    public void setType1s(List<Type1> type1s){
        this.type1s= type1s;
    }
}

You should also check out the JAXB section in the J5EE tutorial and the Unofficial JAXB Guide.

Gentile

Answer 2

If that suits your purpose you can always define an array like this:

YourType[]

JAXB can certainly figure out what that is and you should be able to immediatly use it client side. I would also recommend you to do it that way, since you should not be able to modify the array retrieved from a server via a List but via methods provided by the web service

Salford

Answer 3

If you want to do this for any class.

return items.size() > 0 ? items.toArray((Object[]) Array.newInstance(
            items.get(0).getClass(), 0)) : new Object[0];

Chronic

Answer 4

I had exactly the same error message than yours (in French):

java.util.List est une interface et JAXB ne peut pas gérer les interfaces

I had the same problem and I returned a java.util.List<RelationCanonical[]> in the declaration of the web method, I got a java.util.List<RelationCanonicalArray> in the client side code and I just had to call RelationCanonicalArray.getItem() to get a java.util.List<RelationCanonical>. I tested with Jakarta EE 9.1 with Wildfly 26.1.1. Henning's answer is correct but when RelationCanonical is already supported by JAXB, why driving things so much more complicated?

Montpellier

Answer 5

You can use "ArrayList" instead of inner "List"

Toxicity

Yes I already mentioned in the question that I did this, but it still didn't work. Read the update – Islean

It doesn't work, it generates a class called ArrayList but it's not a java.util.ArrayList. – Montpellier