How to handle authentication popup with Selenium WebDriver using Java

Question

I'm trying to handle authentication popup using the code below:

FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.setPreference("network.http.phishy-userpass-length", 255);
profile.setPreference("network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted-uris", "x.x.x.x");
driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
baseUrl="http://" + login + ":" + password + "@" + url;
driver.get(baseUrl + "/");

When I execute the test, the page shows the authentication popup and still loading for a until I click cancel button. A that moment, I can access to the next page ,this mean that the authentication success but still always show the authentication popup

Freebooter

Check this to handle alerts/popups #17066882 – Newt

I check many alternative but it didn't work – Freebooter

Which alternatives, please be more specific. – Expendable

I tried to authenticate using login:password@url with and without Firefox Profile/// Also, I tried to use ''____String window1 = driver.getWindowHandle(); driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("input")).sendKeys(login);_____''/// And i tried ti access to popup with driver.switchTo().alert()/// And any think of those work prperly // always the test stuck in loading address with popup in screen – Freebooter

This question should be updated to note the type of authentication pop up that is being displayed. As the marked solution does not work for the browser authentication required pop up. – Crotch

Now with selenium 4, it's very easy. Please check my answer here https://mcmap.net/q/339227/-chrome-headless-browser-with-corporate-proxy-authetication-not-working – Gunfight

Answer 1

The Alert Method, authenticateUsing() lets you skip the Http Basic Authentication box.

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);      
Alert alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());     
alert.authenticateUsing(new UserAndPassword(username, password));

As of Selenium 3.4 it is still in beta

Right now implementation is only done for InternetExplorerDriver

Turnabout

Cool! Note that at this moment its still marked with the '@Beta' tag selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/… – Sere

Hmm, in the latest chrome, it seems the basic auth login popup isnt seen as an 'alert' – Sere

@SirLenz0rlot is that still an issue in your case? – Turnabout

Yes, could it simply be because I'm using ChromeDriver? – Sere

This doesn't appear to be implemented in .NET :( – Ow

Is there a way to do this using Ruby? I don't see an API that has the alertIsPresent value nor the authenticateUsing() method. Thanks :) – Lamberto

For anyone struggling look at :toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/autoit-selenium-webdriver – Ardoin

What is UserAndPassword? It seems to be a class. – Antisana

@RiponAlWasim UserAndPassword refers to this class - seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/… – Bilberry

alert.authenticateUsing doesn't exist in .Net library – Sunshinesunspot

Has anybody got any good resources on how to do this with Python bindings? – Calciferous

Got removed github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/commits/master/java/client/src/… – Screeching

How to use this in C#? There's no method .AuthenticateUsing for Alert. – Jaggy

This feature has been removed in latest selenium version. However it is available in v2.53.0 as I can see. – Dislodge

Answer 2

Don't use firefox profile and try below code:

driver.get("http://UserName:[email protected]");

If you're implementing it in IE browser, there are certain things which you need to do.

In case your authentication server requires username with domain like "domainuser" you need to add double slash / to the url:

//localdomain\user:[email protected]

Gasser

@Imen: try to add an / at the end of the url (see my answer) – Disharoon

You could also use- driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("http://UserName:[email protected]"). This worked for me – Autotomize

so what if there is an @-sign in my password. Because there is an @-sign in my password. – Belton

@Belton in this case replace @ with %40 in password only. It's url encoding. – Piety

This does not work in either a normal browser or a Selenium-powered one. – Trophoplasm

for passwords or username containing special characters like @ or : you might have to urlencode the url. checkout urlencoder.org – Urian

Answer 3

Try following solution and let me know in case of any issues:

driver.get('https://example.com/')
driver.switchTo().alert().sendKeys("username" + Keys.TAB + "password");
driver.switchTo().alert().accept();

This is working fine for me

Gujarati

That's the one that works for me. A bit unreliable when showing the UI (probably due to how i3wm handles focus though) but it works fine in headless. – Paramagnet

not for me unfortunately. I get : Step failed org.openqa.selenium.NoAlertPresentException: no such alert – Lavernalaverne

Answer 4

I faced this issue a number of times in my application.

We can generally handle this with the below 2 approaches.

1. Pass the username and password in url itself

2. You can create an AutoIT Script and call script before opening the url.

Please check the below article in which I have mentioned both ways:
Handle Authentication/Login window in Selenium Webdriver

Kironde

AutoIt is a primitive shame. Why does Selenium Driver not implement this important feature? – Envoi

I did the exact same approach before and both works great. AutoIT is a very reliable tool if you write your commands correctly, it's very stable. – Aerolite

Answer 5

This should work for Firefox by using AutoAuth plugin:

FirefoxProfile firefoxProfile = new ProfilesIni().getProfile("default");
File ffPluginAutoAuth = new File("D:\\autoauth-2.1-fx+fn.xpi");
firefoxProfile.addExtension(ffPluginAutoAuth);
driver = new FirefoxDriver(firefoxProfile);

Antisana

Answer 6

Popular solution is to append username and password in URL, like, http://username:[email protected]. However, if your username or password contains special character, then it may fail. So when you create the URL, make sure you encode those special characters.

String username = URLEncoder.encode(user, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString());
String password = URLEncoder.encode(pass, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString());
String url = “http://“ + username + “:” + password + “@website.com”;
driver.get(url);

Umbel

Answer 7

Selenium 4 supports authenticating using Basic and Digest auth . It's using the CDP and currently only supports chromium-derived browsers

Java Example :

Webdriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

((HasAuthentication) driver).register(UsernameAndPassword.of("username", "pass"));

driver.get("http://sitewithauth");

Note : In Alpha-7 there is bug where it send username for both user/password. Need to wait for next release of selenium version as fix is available in trunk https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/commit/4917444886ba16a033a81a2a9676c9267c472894

Thane

Answer 8

If you have to deal with NTLM proxy authentication a good alternative is to use a configure a local proxy using CNTLM.

The credentials and domain are configured in /etc/cntlm.conf.

Afterwards you can just use you own proxy that handles all the NTLM stuff.

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();

Proxy proxy = new Proxy();
proxy.setHttpProxy("localhost:3128");
capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxy);

driver = new ChromeDriver(capabilities);

Beccafico

As I have read CNTLM does not work with HTTPS. This makes it completely usless for me. sourceforge.net/p/cntlm/support-requests/14. Apart from that CNTLM is a dead project. Bugreports have no answers since 2012. – Envoi