Given that the answers to this question are now three years old, I felt it important to restate the relevance of Martin Fowler's patterns.
The GOF design patterns book was first published in 1994, and many of its patterns are still considered relevant. We may have come to a deeper understanding of them and produced subtle variants, but they are there as the foundation of any good OO design.
Modern languages increasingly implement some of the patterns behind the scenes so that the developer in theory doesn't have to know about them (an example is the Iterator pattern through the yield
statement in C#). But, the developer is a better one for knowing them.
Moving on the Martin's book - this absolutely is still relevant. Its true that many libraries now support these patterns in the background, once again abstracting them away from the developer, but again they are at the core of enterprise application software development.
They solve problems that occurr again and again, regardless of language, system, or platform.