I would like to play music using R. While R may not be the best tool for this purpose, it is the tool that I am familiar with and it would be nice to demonstrate to others its flexibility on such a joyous occasion.
How could I accomplish this?
How can I play birthday music using R? [closed]
If you really wanted to do this:
library("audio")
bday_file <- tempfile()
download.file("http://www.happybirthdaymusic.info/01_happy_birthday_song.wav", bday_file, mode = "wb")
bday <- load.wave(bday_file)
play(bday)
Note you'll need to install.packages("audio") first. If you already have a specific file, you'll need to convert it to WAV format first.
If you wanted something a bit more programmery than playing a WAV file, here's a version that generates the tune from a series of sine waves:
library("dplyr")
library("audio")
notes <- c(A = 0, B = 2, C = 3, D = 5, E = 7, F = 8, G = 10)
pitch <- "D D E D G F# D D E D A G D D D5 B G F# E C5 C5 B G A G"
duration <- c(rep(c(0.75, 0.25, 1, 1, 1, 2), 2),
0.75, 0.25, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0.75, 0.25, 1, 1, 1, 2)
bday <- data_frame(pitch = strsplit(pitch, " ")[[1]],
duration = duration)
bday <-
bday %>%
mutate(octave = substring(pitch, nchar(pitch)) %>%
{suppressWarnings(as.numeric(.))} %>%
ifelse(is.na(.), 4, .),
note = notes[substr(pitch, 1, 1)],
note = note + grepl("#", pitch) -
grepl("b", pitch) + octave * 12 +
12 * (note < 3),
freq = 2 ^ ((note - 60) / 12) * 440)
tempo <- 120
sample_rate <- 44100
make_sine <- function(freq, duration) {
wave <- sin(seq(0, duration / tempo * 60, 1 / sample_rate) *
freq * 2 * pi)
fade <- seq(0, 1, 50 / sample_rate)
wave * c(fade, rep(1, length(wave) - 2 * length(fade)), rev(fade))
}
bday_wave <-
mapply(make_sine, bday$freq, bday$duration) %>%
do.call("c", .)
play(bday_wave)
There's a few points to note. The default octave for the notes is octave 4, where A4 is at 440 Hz (the note used to tune the orchestra). Octaves change over at C, so C3 is one semitone higher than B2. The reason for the fade in make_sine is that without it there are audible pops when starting and stopping notes.
@DavidArenburg Thanks. Just to make things slightly more ridiculous, I've now added some code that generates the tune from first principles using sine waves :) –
Smoulder
Awesome answer. I learned something new: I didn’t know about the fading, and a recent experiment of mine had this exact problem. Nitpick: no reason to quote
c in do.call, and the last assignment in make_sine is unnecessary. –
Unbacked @KonradRudolph thanks. I tend to always quote the function name in
do.call. It's all too easy to fall into the trap of having done something like a <- 1; b <- 2; c <- 3 along the way, and in that situation do.call(c, ...) will fail, while c(1, 2, 3) won't. Completely agree with the latter point though, and have removed the unnecessary assignment! –
Smoulder @NickKennedy In that situation
do.call('c', …) will also fail. At any rate, I argue that, except when used with match.fun, quoting function names is fundamentally nonsense: a string is not a function. The fact that R allows us to treat them like this is a terrible flaw and should not be relied on. –
Unbacked @KonradRudolph Actually
do.call("c", ...) will work. Try c <- 4; do.call("c", list(1, 2)). R is reasonably consistent in that in most cases an argument that accepts a function will accept either the function itself or the name of the function. In some cases (e.g. lapply), this is via match.fun, whereas in others, e.g. do.call, getMethod, the implementation is in the C code (for the latter via a call to C_R_getGeneric). I can see why stylistically you might prefer to pass the function rather than its name, but the latter behaviour is well-documented. –
Smoulder @NickKennedy I tried that and was actually surprised that it didn’t work (turns out, I had made a typo). The reason for this working is, of course, that
do.call uses match.fun (or similar) internally. I agree that the behaviour is consistent. Still, I maintain that it’s bad. –
Unbacked @KonradRudolph Fair enough. I guess the related issue is that R will always look for a function if a
symbol is followed by parentheses, even if another symbol exists further up the seach path. This allows c <- 4; c(1, 2) to work as normal, while c <- paste0; c(1, 2) will not use the base c. I've seen confusion created by this where someone has been quite happily calling c(1, 2) in their code, but then do.call(c, ...) fails to work. At the end of the day, I don't feel strongly about whether functions are provided by name or directly. –
Smoulder We use to program birthday tune in FoxPro (for DOS) and Clipper as well for our fellow-programmer friend during someone's birthday and it was fun. But I never know that you can do it in R, wow! Just, wow! I like the programmy tune though and tried it on my R-Studio. ;-) –
Exquisite
This is awesome. Could someone comment the code to explain how it works please ? And I guess changing the value of
freq changes the key, but is there any way to be able to play with two ranges at once ? –
Ardeth hai dude! can we play audio songs in R instead of birthday song! –
Kellogg
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I would like to play video using R. – EaldormanrasterImageto render each frame) – Smoulder