As a supplement to what @PavelOliynyk suggested, here's what you can do:
val list = List(
"/repository/resources/2016-03-04/file.csv",
"/repository/resources/2016-03-04/file2.csv",
"/repository/resources/2016-03-05/file3.csv",
"/repository/resources/2016-03-05/file4.csv")
val datesAndFiles = list.map(_.split("/").takeRight(2).toList)
This is presuming that last two items in every string will be date and filename. I converted it to list so that you can easily pattern-match if you need to process it further, e.g. this is how you would get a tuple for each row:
val datesAndFileTuples = datesAndFiles.map({
case date :: file :: Nil => (date, file)
})
That gives you a tuple for each date-file pair. If you'd rather separate them into dates and files (each in their own list), you can do this:
val (dates :: files :: Nil) = datesAndFiles.transpose
which gives you back two lists, one with dates and one with file names.