So I'm not sure where/how to implement this method to make my service run in the foreground. Currently I start my service by the following in another activity:
Intent i = new Intent(context, myService.class);
context.startService(i);
And then in myServices' onCreate() I try the startForeground()...?
Notification notification = new Notification();
startForeground(1, notification);
So yeah I'm a bit lost and unsure of how to implement this.
I'd start by completely filling in the Notification. Here is a sample project demonstrating the use of startForeground().
1337? –
Dehumidify startService() and bindService(). –
Brieta FakePlayer, neither FakePlayer.java nor PlayerService.java has a method called startForeground(). Am I missing something? I'm very new to services and am trying to learn by playing around with bits and pieces of code. Thank you. –
Forthright Menu --> Manage apps --> Running - as it did previously). Note that the time and date have been stripped for brevity. [1] D/ActivityThread(3487): setTargetHeapUtilization:0.25 [2] D/ActivityThread(3487): setTargetHeapIdealFree:8388608 [3] D/ActivityThread(3487): setTargetHeapConcurrentStart:2097152 –
Forthright PlayerService calls startForeground(), line 70. And I have no idea what those log messages mean. –
Brieta PlayerService.java file I'm looking at has only 62 lines. Thanks again. –
Forthright PlayerService.java file. Both times I went to: github.com/commonsguy/cw-android and clicked on ZIP. I found the project under Notifications --> FakePlayer\ --> src --> com --> commonsware --> android --> fakeplayerfg (fakeplayer). Anyway, I downloaded everything again and I do indeed see 81 lines now. The PlayerService.java file I have has a date stamp of Feb 13, 2012 and the newer one I downloaded has a date stamp of Dec 30, 2012 - so perhaps there was an update. Thanks again for all your help. –
Forthright .../Notifications/FakePlayer. However, there also exists another project with the same name at .../Service/FakePlayer. This is what tripped me up - especially since I downloaded all the projects as a ZIP file and then navigated to the Service folder instead of the Notifications folder. Phew! –
Forthright Notification is deprecated. I'd go with the other high rated answer. –
Pretrice Service. It really depends on what the service is doing. –
Brieta startBackgroundService() is needed if your code is already in the background for one reason or another and needs to start a service. That being said, you're welcome to use it from the foreground as well. –
Brieta startForegroundService ... –
Restaurant startForegroundService() on Context or getForegroundService() on PendingIntent. –
Brieta startService() from the background, it fails on Android 8.0+. Nothing about this change enables new functionality. It merely provides options for maintaining existing functionality, where that functionality happens to fit within the guidelines. –
Brieta startForegroundService without making it a real foreground service soon afterwards. Would it crash, or do something else? And, does it mean that a background service can be used in this small time window? –
Restaurant startForeground(). This is seriously aggravating. –
Brieta startForeground ? For example, if I start a new thread there, that does a very short job (say, of 2 seconds), and then I choose to stop the service, it will still crash? –
Restaurant From your main activity, start the service with the following code:
Intent i = new Intent(context, MyService.class);
context.startService(i);
Then in your service for onCreate() you would build your notification and set it as foreground like so:
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
notificationIntent, 0);
Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.app_icon)
.setContentTitle("My Awesome App")
.setContentText("Doing some work...")
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent).build();
startForeground(1337, notification);
I've encountered some problems such as RemoteServiceException because of invalid channel id with most recent versions of Android. This is how i solved it:
Activity:
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
val intent = Intent(this, BackgroundService::class.java)
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
startForegroundService(intent)
} else {
startService(intent)
}
}
BackgroundService:
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
startForeground()
}
private fun startForeground() {
val channelId =
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
createNotificationChannel()
} else {
// If earlier version channel ID is not used
// https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/app/NotificationCompat.Builder.html#NotificationCompat.Builder(android.content.Context)
""
}
val notificationBuilder = NotificationCompat.Builder(this, channelId )
val notification = notificationBuilder.setOngoing(true)
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
.setPriority(PRIORITY_MIN)
.setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
.build()
startForeground(101, notification)
}
@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
private fun createNotificationChannel(): String{
val channelId = "my_service"
val channelName = "My Background Service"
val chan = NotificationChannel(channelId,
channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH)
chan.lightColor = Color.BLUE
chan.importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE
chan.lockscreenVisibility = Notification.VISIBILITY_PRIVATE
val service = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager
service.createNotificationChannel(chan)
return channelId
}
JAVA EQUIVALENT
public class YourService extends Service {
// Constants
private static final int ID_SERVICE = 101;
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
return START_STICKY;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
// do stuff like register for BroadcastReceiver, etc.
// Create the Foreground Service
NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
String channelId = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O ? createNotificationChannel(notificationManager) : "";
NotificationCompat.Builder notificationBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, channelId);
Notification notification = notificationBuilder.setOngoing(true)
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
.setPriority(PRIORITY_MIN)
.setCategory(NotificationCompat.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
.build();
startForeground(ID_SERVICE, notification);
}
@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
private String createNotificationChannel(NotificationManager notificationManager){
String channelId = "my_service_channelid";
String channelName = "My Foreground Service";
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(channelId, channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);
// omitted the LED color
channel.setImportance(NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE);
channel.setLockscreenVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PRIVATE);
notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
return channelId;
}
}
ContextCompat.startForegroundService(Context,Intent) in your Activity which will do the right thing. (developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/content/…) –
Necessary .setCategory(NotificationCompat.CATEGORY_SERVICE) instead of Notification.CATEGORY_SERVICE if your min API is < 21 –
K Build.VERSION_CODES.P (API level 28) or later must request the permission Manifest.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE in order to use startForeground() - see developer.android.com/reference/android/app/… –
Donoho This is my code to set the service to foreground:
private void runAsForeground(){
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, RecorderMainActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent=PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
notificationIntent, Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Notification notification=new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setContentText(getString(R.string.isRecording))
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent).build();
startForeground(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);
}
I need to build a notification using PendingIntent, so that I can start my main activity from the notification.
To remove the notification, just call the stopForeground(true);
It is called in the onStartCommand(). Please refer to my code at : https://github.com/bearstand/greyparrot/blob/master/src/com/xiong/richard/greyparrot/Mp3Recorder.java
Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK is not valid in context of PendingIntent. –
Marsland In addition to RAWA answer, this peace of code:
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
startForegroundService(intent)
} else {
startService(intent)
}
You can change to:
ContextCompat.startForegroundService(context, yourIntent);
If you will look inside this method then you can see that this method do all checking work for you.
then you should override onHandleIntent()like this
Override
protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent) {
startForeground(FOREGROUND_ID,getNotification()); //<-- Makes Foreground
// Do something
stopForeground(true); // <-- Makes it again a normal Service
}
simple. Here is the getNotification() Method
public Notification getNotification()
{
Intent intent = new Intent(this, SecondActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,intent,0);
NotificationCompat.Builder foregroundNotification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
foregroundNotification.setOngoing(true);
foregroundNotification.setContentTitle("MY Foreground Notification")
.setContentText("This is the first foreground notification Peace")
.setSmallIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_btn_speak_now)
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);
return foregroundNotification.build();
}
This happens
A foreground service,
makes sure that user is actively aware of that something is going on in the background by providing the notification.
(most importantly) is not killed by System when it runs low on memory
Add given code Service class for "OS >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O" in onCreate()
@Override
public void onCreate(){
super.onCreate();
.................................
.................................
//For creating the Foreground Service
NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
String channelId = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O ? getNotificationChannel(notificationManager) : "";
NotificationCompat.Builder notificationBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, channelId);
Notification notification = notificationBuilder.setOngoing(true)
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
// .setPriority(PRIORITY_MIN)
.setCategory(NotificationCompat.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
.build();
startForeground(110, notification);
}
@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
private String getNotificationChannel(NotificationManager notificationManager){
String channelId = "channelid";
String channelName = getResources().getString(R.string.app_name);
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(channelId, channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);
channel.setImportance(NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE);
channel.setLockscreenVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PRIVATE);
notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
return channelId;
}
Add this permission in manifest file:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
Handle intent on startCommand of service by using.
stopForeground(true)
This call will remove the service from foreground state, allowing it to be killed if more memory is needed. This does not stop the service from running. For that, you need to call stopSelf() or related methods.
Passing value true or false indicated if you want to remove the notification or not.
val ACTION_STOP_SERVICE = "stop_service"
val NOTIFICATION_ID_SERVICE = 1
...
override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId)
if (ACTION_STOP_SERVICE == intent.action) {
stopForeground(true)
stopSelf()
} else {
//Start your task
//Send forground notification that a service will run in background.
sendServiceNotification(this)
}
return Service.START_NOT_STICKY
}
Handle your task when on destroy is called by stopSelf().
override fun onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy()
//Stop whatever you started
}
Create a notification to keep the service running in foreground.
//This is from Util class so as not to cloud your service
fun sendServiceNotification(myService: Service) {
val notificationTitle = "Service running"
val notificationContent = "<My app> is using <service name> "
val actionButtonText = "Stop"
//Check android version and create channel for Android O and above
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
//You can do this on your own
//createNotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID_SERVICE)
}
//Build notification
val notificationBuilder = NotificationCompat.Builder(applicationContext, CHANNEL_ID_SERVICE)
notificationBuilder.setAutoCancel(true)
.setDefaults(NotificationCompat.DEFAULT_ALL)
.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_location)
.setContentTitle(notificationTitle)
.setContentText(notificationContent)
.setVibrate(null)
//Add stop button on notification
val pStopSelf = createStopButtonIntent(myService)
notificationBuilder.addAction(R.drawable.ic_location, actionButtonText, pStopSelf)
//Build notification
val notificationManagerCompact = NotificationManagerCompat.from(applicationContext)
notificationManagerCompact.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_SERVICE, notificationBuilder.build())
val notification = notificationBuilder.build()
//Start notification in foreground to let user know which service is running.
myService.startForeground(NOTIFICATION_ID_SERVICE, notification)
//Send notification
notificationManagerCompact.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_SERVICE, notification)
}
Give a stop button on notification to stop the service when user needs.
/**
* Function to create stop button intent to stop the service.
*/
private fun createStopButtonIntent(myService: Service): PendingIntent? {
val stopSelf = Intent(applicationContext, MyService::class.java)
stopSelf.action = ACTION_STOP_SERVICE
return PendingIntent.getService(myService, 0,
stopSelf, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT)
}
Note: If your app targets API level 26 or higher, the system imposes restrictions on using or creating background services unless the app itself is in the foreground.
If an app needs to create a foreground service, the app should call startForegroundService(). That method creates a background service, but the method signals to the system that the service will promote itself to the foreground.
Once the service has been created, the service must call its startForeground() method within five seconds.
startForegroundService method –
Toehold In my case It was totally different since I was not having activity to launch the service in Oreo.
Below are the steps which I used to resolve this foreground service issue -
public class SocketService extends Service {
private String TAG = this.getClass().getSimpleName();
@Override
public void onCreate() {
Log.d(TAG, "Inside onCreate() API");
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
mBuilder.setContentTitle("Notification Alert, Click Me!");
mBuilder.setContentText("Hi, This is Android Notification Detail!");
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// notificationID allows you to update the notification later on.
mNotificationManager.notify(100, mBuilder.build());
startForeground(100, mBuilder.mNotification);
}
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "inside onCreate()", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent resultIntent, int resultCode, int startId) {
Log.d(TAG, "inside onStartCommand() API");
return startId;
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d(TAG, "inside onDestroy() API");
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
}
And after that to initiate this service I triggered below cmd -
adb -s " + serial_id + " shell am startforegroundservice -n com.test.socket.sample/.SocketService
So this helps me to start service without activity on Oreo devices :)
@mikebertiean solution almost did the trick, but I had this problem with additional twist -- I use Gingerbread system and I didn't want to add some extra package just to run notification. Finally I found: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/support.git+/f9fd97499795cd47473f0344e00db9c9837eea36/v4/gingerbread/android/support/v4/app/NotificationCompatGingerbread.java
then I hit additional problem -- notification simply kills my app when it runs (how to solve this problem: Android: How to avoid that clicking on a Notification calls onCreate()), so in total my code in service looks like this (C#/Xamarin):
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, typeof(MainActivity));
// make the changes to manifest as well
notificationIntent.SetFlags(ActivityFlags.ClearTop | ActivityFlags.SingleTop);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.GetActivity(this, 0, notificationIntent, 0);
Notification notification = new Notification(Resource.Drawable.Icon, "Starting service");
notification.SetLatestEventInfo(this, "MyApp", "Monitoring...", pendingIntent);
StartForeground(1337, notification);
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