Right now it's impossible to search JIRA for contains operation. As described in Search syntax for text fields, JIRA support Word stemming:
Since JIRA cannot search for issues containing parts of words, word
'stemming' allows you to retrieve issues from a search based on the
'root' (or 'stem') forms of words instead of requiring an exact match
with specific forms of these words. The number of issues retrieved
from a search based on a stemmed word is typically larger, since any
other issues containing words that are stemmed back to the same root
will also be retrieved in the search results.
That means, that you can search for common root of some word, but can't search for arbitrary part of it.
There is an issue in official JIRA bug tracker: Allow searching for part of a word (prefix / substring searches), which describes why this can't be implemented:
Lucene doesn't support prefix search.
As a workaround the suggestion is to use Script Runner plugin for JIRA:
issueFunction in issueFieldMatch("project = JRA", "description", "ABC\\d{4}")
See more on IssueFieldMatch here.
Another plugin, which can do regex jql is JQL Search Toolkit.