I add all that I found below. Please add if you know any more:
STOCK APPS
http:[URL] Launches the web browser and navigates to the specified URL.
mailto:[email address] Launches the email app and creates a new message with the specified email address on the To line. Note that the email is not sent until the user taps send.
ms-settings-airplanemode: Launches the Airplane Mode Settings app.
ms-settings-bluetooth: Launches the Bluetooth Settings app.
ms-settings-cellular: Launches the Cellular Settings app.
ms-settings-emailandaccounts: Launches the email and accounts settings app.
ms-settings-location: Launches the Location Settings app.
ms-settings-lock: Launches the Lock Screen settings app.
ms-settings-wifi: Launches the Wi-Fi Settings app.
zune:navigate?appid=[app ID] Launches the Windows Phone Store and shows the details page for the specified app.
zune:reviewapp Launches the Store and shows the review page for the calling app.
zune:reviewapp?appid=app[app ID] Launches the Store and shows the review page for the specified app. Note that you must prepend “app” to the ID for the specified app. For example, the URI for reviewing an app with the ID fdf05477-814e-41d4-86cd-25d5a50ab2d8 would be zune:reviewapp?appid=appfdf05477-814e-41d4-86cd-25d5a50ab2d8
zune:search?publisher=[publisher name] Launches the Store and searches for items by publisher name.
zune:search?keyword=[search keyword]&contenttype=app Launches the Store and searches for apps by keyword.
zune:search?keyword=[search keyword]&publisher=[publisher name]&contenttype=app Launches the Store and searches for the specified content. All parameters are optional. Specifying “contenttype=app” will limit the search to apps. Omitting this parameter will search all content.
ms-drive-to: Get driving directions http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsphone/develop/jj710324(v=vs.105).aspx
ms-walk-to: Get walking directions http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsphone/develop/jj710324(v=vs.105).aspx
NOKIA APPS
nokia-music: Nokia Music app. See http://developer.nokia.com/Community/Wiki/Nokia_Music_app-to-app_protocol_for_Windows_Phone_8
directions: Here Maps. See http://www.developer.nokia.com/Resources/Library/Lumia/#!maps-and-navigation/here-launchers.html
explore-maps: Here Maps. See http://www.developer.nokia.com/Resources/Library/Lumia/#!maps-and-navigation/here-launchers.html
guidance-drive: Here Maps. See http://www.developer.nokia.com/Resources/Library/Lumia/#!maps-and-navigation/here-launchers.html
guidance-walk: Here Maps. See http://www.developer.nokia.com/Resources/Library/Lumia/#!maps-and-navigation/here-launchers.html
places: Here Maps. See http://www.developer.nokia.com/Resources/Library/Lumia/#!maps-and-navigation/here-launchers.html
public-transit: Here Maps. See http://www.developer.nokia.com/Resources/Library/Lumia/#!maps-and-navigation/here-launchers.html
STORE APPS
metrotube: Metrotube, see http://lazywormapps.com/metrotube-uri-schema.html
instagraph: Instagraph, see: http://www.geekchamp.com/forums/app-uri-protocol-directory/instagraph-custom-uri-schema
wpcentral: Windows Phone Central, see http://jaybennett.co.uk/2013/06/11/using-the-wpcentral-app-uri-schema/
pouch: Pouch, see http://jgstechthoughts.wordpress.com/2013/06/12/custom-uri-associations-for-pouch-for-windows-phone/
metrotour: Metrotour, see: http://www.geekchamp.com/forums/app-uri-protocol-directory/metrotour-uri-protocol
spotify: Spotify, see: https://www.spotify.com/fi/blog/archives/2008/01/14/linking-to-spotify/
mehdoh: Mehdoh, see: http://www.mehdoh.com/uri.htm
pictureslab: Pictures lab, see: http://kodierer.blogspot.de/2013/07/just-call-us-well-might-call-you-how-to.html
gmaps: gMaps, see: http://dreamteam-mobile.com/blog/2013/01/adding-mapping-features-to-your-windows-8-windows-phone-app/
geosense: Geo, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geo_URI
keyring: Keyring, see: http://directblog.schmidtbonn.de/2013/07/11/keyring-uri-schema/
foursquare: Foursquare, see: https://developer.foursquare.com/resources/client#iphone
fb:
References:
http://developer.nokia.com/Community/Wiki/URI_Association_Schemes_List
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsphone/develop/jj662937(v=vs.105).aspx