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Why is a div longer than several spans with the same content (only in Chrome)
Asked Answered
Solved htmlcssgoogle-chromefont-family
M

1

7

I have two lines of 10000 "." in a monospace font. The first has the whole line in a div, the second is made up of 1000 spans of 10 "."'s each. Here is the JS fiddle link: https://jsfiddle.net/fojp5e9z/2/

Here it is with 5000 characters, it is slightly noticeable at the end. At 10000 you get 2 full periods extra length on the top line. 

<!DOCTYPE html><html><body>
<div style='font-family:monospace'>
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
</div>
<div style='font-family:monospace'>
<span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>.....</span><span>....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</div></body></html>

In Chrome, this first line is longer than the other, but in every other browser, the lines are the same length. Even adding normalize.css doesn't help.

Why is this happening and is there a way to fix it in chrome so the lines are the same length?

Metallic answered 11/7, 2018 at 21:13 Comment(3)
Remove monospace font and it works fine. – Baneberry
@Baneberry The dots are just a placeholder. It needs to be a monospace font so that heterogeneous characters align as well. – Metallic
I suppose your DNA sequence looks good now? :) – Fifteen
F
5

I think this is due to some rounding and complex calculation. First, here is a better illustration of the problem using gradient to see the difference between both cases:

span:nth-child(odd) {
  background:green;
}
span:nth-child(even) {
  background:yellow;
}
.grad {
  background:repeating-linear-gradient(to right,green 0,green 5ch,yellow 5ch,yellow 10ch);
}
body {
  margin:0;
  font-family:monospace;
}
<div style='font-family:monospace;display:inline-block;' class="grad">
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</div>
<div style='font-family:monospace;display:inline-block;background:red;' >
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We can clearly see that the top gradient is not following the coloration of the spans. I guess it's because the width of a monospace character (1ch) which is equal to 7.14063px (when testing with Chrome) make the calculation somehow different in both cases.

In the upper div we will sum this value 5000 times then we do the rounding BUT in the lower div will sum this value for each span (5 times) then we round then we will sum again and round again.1

Of course, I don't have any formal proof of this but if we change the font-size to another value it will get fixed (changing the font-size will of course change the value of 1ch).

Here is an test when making the font-size:16px.

https://jsfiddle.net/1gLejzb3/20/ 2

As a side note, when testing on Firefox the 1ch is equal to 8px which explain why we don't have issue there since it's easy to deal with integers AND only chrome seems to work with non-integer values for the ch unit with fonts. So the same problem may also happen with other font-family.

In order to avoid such situations, better rely on a font that behave the same in all the browsers. For a monospace font I usually rely on Inconsolata. Its 1ch is by default equal to 8px in all the browser (even in chrome).

https://jsfiddle.net/1gLejzb3/23/ 2

With this font-family the 1ch unit will be equal to half the font-size so 16px will give 8px, 17px will give 8.5px (for Fierfox it will be 8px) and so on. If you avoid the odd values in chrome you won't have issues.


1: it's a simple guess as I don't know how the browser handle calculation in each case.
2: I am using JSfiddle because I have reached the limit of character within an answer.

Fifteen answered 11/7, 2018 at 22:16 Comment(4)
Very interesting... It seems to work perfectly at 16, 32, 48, and 64, so my hypothesis would be a calculation involving dividing by 16 into a float in one of the cases. "Animated" version: jsfiddle.net/1gLejzb3/43 – Taproot
@Taproot I don't agree a lot, if it works fine with 16 then it should work also fine with 32 since we will multiply everything by 2 so we won't have issue with rounding .. same thing with 48 and 64 ... So it's not exactly the font-size but the width of each character which is the 1ch unit ... and of course 1ch is defined by the font-size and font-family – Fifteen
Oh I didn't read your second section there closely enough, that does make a lot of sense. I also just realized it seems the <span> line is always shorter or equal to the <div>, which if anything means by "rounding" they just floor at some point. (now tempted to delete my comment haha) We could add evidence to your hypothesis by increasing/decreasing the number of dots in each <span> which should decrease/increase the effect respectively – Taproot
@Taproot yes I also thought about increasing/decreasing the number of dots and have a kind of pyramid but it's a lot of work :p .. maybe will edit the answer when I have time to add this part ;) – Fifteen

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