If you want to start a download this is the way to go:
If you have more than one file to save: Pack it into a zip file. I wrote a dart based zip library (available at https://github.com/roberthartung/zip.dart). They key point is to use the zip file format for archiving data and not for compression (because this is really slow).
If you have only one file (zip or any other format) you can load it into a blob and let the user download the blob like this:
Code
Blob blob = new Blob(...);
AnchorElement a = new AnchorElement();
a.style.display = 'none';
document.body.append(a);
String url = Url.createObjectUrlFromBlob(blob);
a.href = url;
a.download = "file.name";
a.click();
Url.revokeObjectUrl(url);
For chrome only there is the deprecated FileSystem API, which you could use to save persistent data, but I guess you want a download.