Given positive integers b, c, m where (b < m) is True it is to find a positive integer e such that (b**e % m == c) is True where ** is exponentiation (e.g. in Ruby, Python or ^ in some other ...

How do you write a Python code to check if the operation ∗ on the set {0,1,..,n−1} defined by a Cayley table is associative or not. My attempted code is: def is_associative_cayley_table(table): ...

I have a certain optimization problem, and I'm wondering if there is a clever approach for solving it. (This may well have been extensively studied and I just don't know what name to look it up und...