Decoding JSON without keys in Swift

Question

I'm using an API that returns this pretty horrible JSON structure:

[
  "A string",
  [
    "A string",
    "A string",
    "A string",
    "A string",
    …
  ]
]

I'm trying to decode the nested array using JSONDecoder, but it doesn't have a single key and I really don't know where to start...

Homogamy

Answer 1

If the structure stays the same, you can use this Decodable approach.

First create a decodable Model like this:

struct MyModel: Decodable {
    let firstString: String
    let stringArray: [String]

    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        var container = try decoder.unkeyedContainer()
        firstString = try container.decode(String.self)
        stringArray = try container.decode([String].self)
    }
}

Or if you really want to keep the JSON's structure, like this:

struct MyModel: Decodable {
    let array: [Any]

    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        var container = try decoder.unkeyedContainer()
        let firstString = try container.decode(String.self)
        let stringArray = try container.decode([String].self)
        array = [firstString, stringArray]
    }
}

And use it like this

let jsonString = """
["A string1", ["A string2", "A string3", "A string4", "A string5"]]
"""
if let jsonData = jsonString.data(using: .utf8) {
    let myModel = try? JSONDecoder().decode(MyModel.self, from: jsonData)
}

Schaaff

Answer 2

This is a bit interesting for decoding.

You don't have any key. So it eliminates the need of a wrapper struct.

But look at the inner types. You get mixture of String and [String] types. So you need something that deals with this mixture type. You would need an enum to be precise.

// I've provided the Encodable & Decodable both with Codable for clarity. You obviously can omit the implementation for Encodable
enum StringOrArrayType: Codable {
    case string(String)
    case array([String])

    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
        do {
            self = try .string(container.decode(String.self))
        } catch DecodingError.typeMismatch {
            do {
                self = try .array(container.decode([String].self))
            } catch DecodingError.typeMismatch {
                throw DecodingError.typeMismatch(StringOrArrayType.self, DecodingError.Context(codingPath: decoder.codingPath, debugDescription: "Encoded payload conflicts with expected type"))
            }
        }
    }

    func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
        var container = encoder.singleValueContainer()
        switch self {
        case .string(let string):
            try container.encode(string)
        case .array(let array):
            try container.encode(array)
        }
    }
}

Decoding Process:

let json = """
[
  "A string",
  [
    "A string",
    "A string",
    "A string",
    "A string"
  ]
]
""".data(using: .utf8)!

do {
    let response = try JSONDecoder().decode([StringOrArrayType].self, from: json)
    // Here, you have your Array
    print(response) // ["A string", ["A string", "A string", "A string", "A string"]]

    // If you want to get elements from this Array, you might do something like below
    response.forEach({ (element) in
        if case .string(let string) = element {
            print(string) // "A string"
        }
        if case .array(let array) = element {
            print(array) // ["A string", "A string", "A string", "A string"]
        }
    })
} catch {
    print(error)
}

Two

Answer 3

A possible solution is to use the JSONSerialization, then you might simply dig inside such json, doing so:

import Foundation

let jsonString = "[\"A string\",[\"A string\",\"A string\", \"A string\", \"A string\"]]"
if let jsonData = jsonString.data(using: .utf8) {
    if let jsonArray = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: jsonData, options: []) as? [Any] {
        jsonArray.forEach {
            if let innerArray = $0 as? [Any] {
                print(innerArray) // this is the stuff you need
            }
        }
    }
}

Phira