Regex pattern for HH:MM:SS time string

Question

I want to parse a hh:mm:ss string. A simple one is ([0-1]?\d|2[0-3]):([0-5]?\d):([0-5]?\d) which expects 2:3:24 or 02:03:24 string.

I want to take it a step further and pass the validation even in cases like

1. if you enter just 56, it should be pass, as 56 can be considered as 56 secs [SS]
2. if you enter 2:3 or 02:03 or 02:3 or 2:03 it should pass. 2 minutes and 3 seconds [MM:SS]
3. If you enter 20:30:12 pass with 20 hrs, 30 minutes and 12 secs [HH:MM:SS]
4. if you enter 78:12 , do not pass 78 minutes is wrong....

Basically, if one ":" is found, consider number before ":" as MM and number after ":" as SS . If two ":" are found consider as HH:MM:SS

I came up with this pattern.

(^([0-1]?\d|2[0-3]):([0-5]?\d):([0-5]?\d)$)|(^([0-5]?\d):([0-5]?\d)$)|(^[0-5]?\d$)

It seems to be working fine. I wanted to know any other simpler regular expression, that can do the job.

Ene

For your requirements, that looks like a remarkably simple regex. – Chloras

Answer 1

^(?:(?:([01]?\d|2[0-3]):)?([0-5]?\d):)?([0-5]?\d)$

Explanation:

^                   # Start of string
(?:                 # Try to match...
 (?:                #  Try to match...
  ([01]?\d|2[0-3]): #   HH:
 )?                 #  (optionally).
 ([0-5]?\d):        #  MM: (required)
)?                  # (entire group optional, so either HH:MM:, MM: or nothing)
([0-5]?\d)          # SS (required)
$                   # End of string

Hartzel

Thanks very much. This is much simpler and cool. I want to learn regex. Please point me in right direction. How do I learn regex. All I currently know is basic syntax (Quick tutorial kind of stuff) – Ene

@user418836: Check out www.regular-expressions.info – Hartzel

how can i use this in posix c for the regcomp function. i get an unkown excape sequence at '\d' – Seaborg

@AdityaGameProgrammer: Try [0-9] instead of \d. – Hartzel

Dint work .#9429086 – Seaborg

Wonderful explanation. If you also want to match decimal seconds, it's easy to add that as well: ^(?:(?:([01]?\d|2[0-3]):)?([0-5]?\d):)?([0-5]?\d)(?:\.(\d+))?$, try it here – Anthracosis

How to use ^(?:(?:([01]?\d|2[0-3]):)?([0-5]?\d):)?([0-5]?\d)$ pattern in ng-pattern – Preach

@Anthracosis you probably meant ^(?:(?:([01]?\d|2[0-3]):)?([0-5]?\d):)?([0-5]?\d)(\.(\d{1,9}))?$ - the milliseconds are usually presented only after a point ... if at all – Diametrically

Answer 2

@Tim Pietzcker covers the OP's requirement for a HH:MM:SS parser where SS was mandatory, i.e.

• HH:MM:SS
• MM:SS
• SS

If you permit me to deviate from the OP's requirement for a bit, and consider a case where HH is mandatory, i.e.

• HH
• HH:MM
• HH:MM:SS

The regex I came up with was:

^([0-1]?\d|2[0-3])(?::([0-5]?\d))?(?::([0-5]?\d))?$

Let's break it down:

• ([0-1]?\d|2[0-3]) - matches for hours
• (?::([0-5]?\d))? - optionally matches for minutes
• (?::([0-5]?\d))? - optionally matches for seconds

Runway

This matches H:M:S as opposed to only HH:MM:SS – Animator