I faced the same error. The following approach solved my problem.
sudo wget http://protobuf.googlecode.com/files/protobuf-2.5.0.tar.bz2
tar -xvf protobuf-2.5.0.tar.bz2
cd protobuf-2.5.0/
./configure
Please read the output to see which all libraries you are missing. In my case, I ran the following commands to handle the missing things.
sudo yum install glibc-headers
sudo yum install gcc-c++
Now, let us compile and install it.
make
sudo make install
In order to verify the installation, type:
protoc --version
# Should give as output: libprotoc 2.5.0
Source: https://leveragebigdata.wordpress.com/2015/10/08/install-protocol-buffer-2-5-0/